Contaminated land is a term used to describe land containing substances that are potentially hazardous to human health or the environment. This contamination can arise from many potential sources, including the natural geology, and historical land uses including mining.
Typically, new developments are required to have the potential presence of contaminated land assessed prior to starting work.
Land contamination occurs when hazardous substances are introduced into the soil through a range of processes, both natural and artificial.
Common sources include historical mining, industrial operations, improper waste disposal, leaking fuel tanks, and the long-term use of agricultural chemicals.
Frequently in the southwest, naturally occurring substances like radon, arsenic, and lead may be present at harmful levels, even if there is no history of other contaminative land uses.
Understanding the source of contamination is essential for determining the appropriate assessment and remediation strategy.
There are four phases of contaminated land assessments and Cornwall Mining Consultants can support clients with each..
These four phases are defined by national legislation under “Land Contamination Risk Management (2020)” and are described below.
Below, we outline the four different stages of Contaminated Land Assessment in more detail;
Phase I is the starting point for all contaminated land assessments, and can often resolve many cases without the need for further investigation.
This is a desktop appraisal using our vast range of historic maps and plans along with a site walkover survey, and environmental records.
The aim is to identify any potential sources of contamination, such as former mining activity or natural mineralogy, and assess how these might affect the future development.
If a significant potential risk is identified, a Phase II investigation may be recommended.
The purpose of a Phase II investigation is to determine whether contamination is actually present and, if so, to what extent.
This involves collecting soil (and sometimes water) samples from representative locations across the site. These samples are analysed in accredited laboratories, with the analysis designed to address contamination concerns identified in Phase I.
The results help assess whether the site poses a significant risk, and if remediation is needed.
If contamination is confirmed by the Phase II to be at an unacceptable level, Phase III focuses on designing a practical solution to remove or manage the risk.
The remediation strategy is tailored to the specific conditions of the site and the type of contamination present. It sets out how the land will be made safe for its intended use, whether through removal, covering/capping, or other methods, and includes measures to protect both site users and the surrounding environment.
Final surfacing requirements, such as hardstanding or soft landscaping, are also considered at this stage.
Phase IV provides the final documentation to confirm that the site has been successfully remediated.
Following completion of the remediation works, a verification visit is carried out, and a report is produced to demonstrate that all necessary actions have been taken. This includes test results, photographic evidence, and other supporting documentation such as haulage notes, to satisfy local authorities and regulatory bodies.
Once approved, this report allows the development to proceed with confidence that the site is safe and compliant.
A Phase I Land Contamination Desk Study starts from £750 + VAT, with the costs of further staged assessments dependent on the findings and recommendations of the Phase I Report.
Should you wish to receive a quote for a Phase II Intrusive Investigation, please forward a copy of your Phase I Land Contamination Desk Study to contamination@cornwallminingconsultants.co.uk and one of our experienced team will be in touch.
For all enquiries please complete our simple online form or contact our friendly team.